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ISRAELI, ZIONIST & JUDAIC
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MEDALS, PINS and MEMORABILIA of ISRAELI & PRE-STATE ZIONIST EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS:
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Palestine/Eretz-Israel: "Lemel School" Jerusalem medal, c. 1903; stuck in copper, size: 33mm, weight: 14.9g, in AU: obverse depicts palm tree with Hebrew legend "From the mouth of babes you have created strength" and on reverse Hebrew legend "The school of Shimon from the noblest of the house of Lemel".
The "Lemel" School was originally established in 1856 in Jerusalem by the philanthropic family Lemel, and named after Shimon Adler Lemel. It was originally intended to be an orphans school for youngsters modelled after a German "kindergarten", though its including of secular educational material caused a rift in the Jewish community of Jerusalem. The actual inauguration of the Lemel school building took place in 1903 and this medal is probably from that event.
Here the name "Lemel" on the medal is spelled with the Hebrew letter "ayin" for the "eh" sound as it would be written if transliterating from German-Yiddish into Hebrew, though it is popularly written without that letter (JTM-EP-39).
More pictures: obverse of tallion, reverse of tallion
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Item Code: 0130007 Price: SOLD
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PINS, BADGES and EMBLEMS of the ISRAELI BOY SCOUTS ("TZOFIM"):
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Israeli Boy Scouts ("HaTzofim") uniface medallion, circa. 1970s; weight: 16.05; size: 35mm. Obverse depicts emblem of the Israeli Boy Scouts with motto "Heye Hakhon" ("Be Prepared") on ribbon beneath. The Israeli Scouts were founded in 1919 in Tel Aviv and Haifa as the first such youth organizations in pre-State Israel. In VF.
More pictures: obverse of medallion, reverse of medallion
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Item Code: 0130139 Price: €12
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PINS, BADGES and EMBLEMS of the ZIONIST SOCIALIST "YOUNG GUARD" MOVEMENT ("HaShomer HaTzair"):
PINS, BADGES and EMBLEMS of the ISRAELI PRE-MILITARY "GADNA" YOUTH ORGANIZATION:
PINS, BADGES and EMBLEMS of the RELIGIOUS ZIONIST YOUTH MOVEMENTS:
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Israel: "Bnei Akiva" religious-Zionist youth movement badge with emblem of Bnei Akiva depicting the two Tablets of the Ten Commandments, the initials for "Torah" and "Labor", with sheath of wheat and scythe; circa. 1930s-1940s; 1.40g. One the reverse loops is missing.
More pictures: obverse of emblem, reverse of emblem
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Item Code: 0130036 Price: €18
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Israel: Tallion of the "Bnei Akiva" Jewish religious Zionist youth movement's "World Secretariat", with the movement's emblem and flag of Israel above, circa. 1958; nickel, 26mm, 8.65g, in VF-EF.
Bnei Akiva was founded in 1929 as a youth movement associated with the religious-Zionist "HaPoel HaMizrachi" ("Eastern Laborer") labor movement. The "HaPoel HaMizrachi" was a religious counter-balast to the main secular-Zionist "Histadrut Klalit" labor union in Palestine.
Religious-Zionist Jews in Palestine had found themselves caught between the animosity of secular Zionists and anti-Zionist religious Jews in the labor market and their children unable to join any of the existing political- and religious-labor youth movements (like Maccabi, Betar and the Boy Scouts - "HaTzofim").
Bnei Akiva established itself in Palestine/Israel with branches overseas, which encouraged even secular Jews to combine Zionist pioneer work (in agriculture) together with traditional Jewish norms and immigrate to Palestine. These overseas branches were originally run independently as "secretariats" and later unified, in 1958, as a "World Secretariate" together with the Israeli main Bnei Akiva branch.
More pictures: obverse of tallion, reverse of tallion
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Item Code: 0130034 Price: €18
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Israel: Bnei Akiva "Merkaz Yeshivot" medal, circa. 1989; 36mm, 14g: commemorates the "Merkaz Yeshivot" (network of Jewish religious studies centers) of the "Bnei Akiva" ("Sons of Akiva") Zionist-religious youth movement.
Bnei Akiva was founded in Palestine in 1929 as a youth wing of the Mizrachi movement, which aimed at bridging the gap between secular Zionism and the traditional religious Jewish community, by promoting religious study (of the Torah) and working of the land ("Avoda" - as shown in the movement's emblem on the reverse of the medal).
The 'Mizrachi' movement is not, as the name suggests, related to Middle-Eastern ("Mizrachi") Jewry, but rather an acronym for "Merkaz Rukhani" ("Religious Center"), and is the name of the main organization of the religious Zionist movement (originating in Vilna). The Mizrachi movement posits that the Torah should be at the core of Zionism and that Zionism's purpose to to achieve religious objectives, such as keeping Kosher and observing the Sabbath in the framework of a Jewish State (i.e. Israel).
On the obverse of the medal is depicted the building of Bnei Akiva's first Yeshiva high school in the village of Kfar HaRoeh (built in 1939). Medal is in Proof state (with a few handling marks), and given its styliztic design, font face and subject probably dates to 1989 (50th anniversary of the Merkaz Yeshivot).
More pictures: obverse of medal, reverse of medal
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Item Code: 0130013 Price: €50
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BADGES, PINS and EMBLEMS of JEWISH & ZIONIST MASONIC LODGES in ISRAEL and PALESTINE:
PINS, BADGES and EMBLEMS of OTHER ISRAELI & ZIONIST YOUTH MOVEMENTS:
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Poland: "HaShomer HaLeumi" ("National Guardsman") Zionist youth movement "First Legislative Congress" pass, 1930; size: 34.5mm; weight: 1.05g.
Round paper token-disk with metal sides; printed on one side, in Hebrew: "The National Guardsman | First Legislative Congress | Warsaw 2nd-3rd [month of] Tevet 5690".
The "HaShomer HaLeumi" was a Zionist youth/scouting movement founded in 1929 by Dr. Reuben Ben-Shem (Feldschue), in Plock, Poland, under the auspicies of the "General Zionists" political movement. As opposed to the socialist-oriented "Labor Zionist" movement and its affiliated youth movement "HaShomer HaTzair" ("The Young Guard"), the "HaShomer HaLeumi" was founded as a semi-rightwing/liberal alternative for Jewish youth - one of several similar revisionist-Zionist leaning movements popular in Poland at that time ("Betar" being one of them).
Different from some, though not all Zionist youth-scout movements, the National Guardsman focused on giving Jewish youth very practical preparations for emigrating to Palestine: nightly Hebrew courses, establishment of "kibbutzim" (Zionist agricultural communal settlements which originated in Palestine) in Poland, scouting skills and scout leader training. In some autobiographies former members emphasize how their knowledge of Hebrew in pre-war Poland gave them a feeling of superiority and self-confidence over their Jewish peers (earning them in turn their peers' envy).
The organization was widespread in Poland and many of its members emigated to Palestine in the period of the "5th Aliya" (immigration wave) of 1929-1939. One of the most famous former members of this organization was Moshe Kol (Kolodny), a future minister in the Israeli government and a signatory on her Declaration of Independence.
The Legislative Congress commemorated on this token began on the last day of the Chanukka holiday, on 3-4 January 1930, and although little is documented about the Congress, perhaps as a result of it, in 1931 the "HaShomer HaLeumi" movement amalgamated with other Jewish Zionist scouting organizations and in 1931 became known as "HaNoar HaTzioni" ("The Zionist Youth"), in time part of an umbrella organization founded by Yitzhak Steiger in Galicia and Poland called "The Hebrew Youth Union" ("Histadrut HaNoar HaIvri").
Feldschu had an active history: he was an early member of the Revisionist movement in Poland (1927) and founder of the famous Polish Betar youth wing, before breaking away and founding the National Guardsman; he was tapped to have set out as a representative of his movement, on foot, from Poland to Palestine to protest British restrictions on Jewish immmigration; he attended 4 Zionist Congresses and chronicled the events of the Warsaw Ghetto.
More pictures: obverse of disk, reverse of disk
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Item Code: 0130906 Price: €175
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Israel/Palestine: "Tnuat HaNoar HaTzioni" (Zionist Youth) movement pin, circa. 1930's; enamel and bronze; not maker-marked; size: 15.5mm; weight: 1.95g.
The pin is made of white and dark blue enamel with bronze, depicting the emblem of the movement. The pin on reverse was broken and partly reattached.
The "Zionist Youth" movement was founded by Yitzhak Steiger in the city of Sambor around 1926 as an a-political Zionist youth movement: he broke away from the large Socialist-affiliated Zionist youth movement called "HaShomer HaTzair" (Young Guard) and established the "Zionist Youth" movement as a rival non-religious, non-political alternative.
The new movement nevertheless retained several of the HaShomer HaTzair's symbols: the Star of David (symbol of Judaism and Zionism), the fleur-de-lis (symbol of the Scouting movement), the olive and oak tree wreaths (symbols of peace, nature and roots in the land); unlike the Young Guard emblem, the field of the Star of David is solid (the Young Guard's emblem employs a three-lined background pattern symbolizing that movement's principles of Zionism, Socialism and brotherhood), and the other color is white (rather than the Young Guard's red).
Similarly, the youth movement also wears blue shirts. The Zionist Youth movement was originally called the "Union of Hebrew Scouts" ("Histadrut Ha Tzofeh Ha Ivri") before becoming the "Hebrew Youth" ("Ha Noar Ha Ivri") and finally the "Zionist Youth".
The movement was headquartered in Warsaw, with branches in Europe, and in 1932 it established the umbrella parent body, the "World Pioneering Union of Zionist Youth", which trained Jewish youths to establish settlements in Palestine and sent them there from 1930 onwards. The movement eventually established 30 different settlements, including Tel Yitzhak, Ein HaShlosha, Mavkiim and Shaar Yishuv.
The Palestine branch of the movement was established in 1930, with the arrival of the first European graduates of the program, and as this pin is in Hebrew only without reference to any 'parent' branch, it was probably manufactered locally for the Palestine branch.
More pictures: obverse of pin, reverse of pin
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Item Code: 0130934 Price: €175
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